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CONCRETE CURING METHODS

The Constructor

Both the rate and degree of hydration, and the resulting strength of the final concrete, depend on the curing process that follows placing and consolidating the plastic concrete. This reaction, called hydration, produces a stone-like substance—the hardened cement paste.

Concrete 190
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MATERIALS FOR FORMWORK

The Constructor

Thicker plywood may be used when the weight of concrete causes a standard thickness plywood to bow out, distorting the concrete face. Steel: Steel is also used in pre-fabricated formwork. Purpose made steel forms are fabricated when dimensional tolerances are critical, or when the forms are planned to be re-used.

Materials 202
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COMMON STRUCTURAL FAILURE CAUSES

The Constructor

2) poor communication between the fabricators and erectors. (3) The most common causes of structural failures are: (1) Poor communication between the various design professionals involved, e.g. engineers involved in conceptual design and those involved in the supervision of execution of works. (2)

Concrete 230
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POST TENSIONING IN REHABILITATION OF STRUCTURES

The Constructor

Encase the beams by concrete. The beams connecting these columns were encased with 75mm thick micro concrete. Provide 8m long structural steal beam below the existing beam. But this option was rejected as the steel beam was affecting the head room in the floor. This option was also affecting the head room and was too costly.

Concrete 213
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FORMWORK AND GOOD FORMWORK PROPERTIES

The Constructor

When concrete is fresh and in its liquid state it must be restrained within a mould in order for it to set in its required shape. A smooth outer surface provides the main support for the concrete as it sets. Concrete is approximately 2.4 Formwork is the term used to describe this mould. This is normally made of plywood.

Concrete 223
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DEFLECTIONS IN DETERMINATE TRUSSES

The Constructor

The displacement can be computed as ……………. (1) In such cases, applying the principle of virtual work, ………………….2(a) 2(a) Where, = change in length of member k, = change in thermal expansion of member K = change in temperature.

Concrete 197
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FIXING OF PRECAST CLADDING

The Constructor

These fixings generally take the form of concrete nibs or metal (usually stainless steel) angles. Restraint fixings are designed to hold panels back and transfer all horizontal forces (such as wind pressure or suction) to the structure.

Concrete 192